Rust RPC Client (experimental)

Rust client can be generated with vovk generate command using rs template or rsSrc template.

Generate Rust package with the CLI:


npx vovk generate --from rs --out ./rust_package


pnpm dlx vovk generate --from rs --out ./rust_package


yarn dlx vovk generate --from rs --out ./rust_package


bun x vovk generate --from rs --out ./rust_package

This will generate a Rust package with the following structure:

- - http_request.rs
  - lib.rs
  - read_full_schema.rs
  - schema.json
- Cargo.toml
- README.md

The package is ready to be published to crates.io with cargo publish command.


cargo publish --manifest-path rust_package/Cargo.toml

In case if you want to generate Rust source only, to be used as part of another Rust project, you can use rsSrc template:


npx vovk generate --from rsSrc --out ./rust_src


pnpm dlx vovk generate --from rsSrc --out ./rust_src


yarn dlx vovk generate --from rsSrc --out ./rust_src


bun x vovk generate --from rsSrc --out ./rust_src

This will generate a Rust source with the following structure:

- http_request.rs
- lib.rs
- read_full_schema.rs
- schema.json

Configuring the Rust Client

The generation can be configured, so the client will be generated automatically with generate command with no flags but also when vovk dev is run, that performs “hot generation” whenever the schema is changed. In order to do that, you need to add rs template to the composed client config:

vovk.config.mjs


/** @type {import('vovk').VovkConfig} */
const config = {
  composedClient: {
    fromTemplates: ['cjs', 'mjs', 'rs'], // keep the default "cjs" and "mjs" templates
  },
};
export default config;

The rs template as well as some other templates has default outDir (by default equals to ./dist_rust) for the composed client configuration, that can be changed by defining a template definition in the config:

vovk.config.mjs


/** @type {import('vovk').VovkConfig} */
const config = {
  // ...
  clientTemplateDefs: {
    rs: {
      extends: 'rs', // extends the built-in "rs" template
      composedClient: {
        outDir: './my_dist_rust', // updates the out directory for the composed client
      },
    },
  },
};
export default config;

Generated Rust Client Example

JSON endpoints

All the code below was copied with slight modifications from the real example, explained at Hello World page.

A controller like this:

UserController.ts

UserService.ts

1import { z } from "zod";
2import { prefix, post, operation } from "vovk";
3import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
4import UserService from "./UserService";
5
6@prefix("users")
7export default class UserController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Update user",
10    description: "Update user by ID",
11  })
12  @post("{id}")
13  static updateUser = withZod({
14    body: z
15      .object({
16        email: z.email().meta({
17          description: "User email",
18          examples: ["john@example.com", "jane@example.com"],
19        }),
20        profile: z
21          .object({
22            name: z.string().meta({
23              description: "User full name",
24              examples: ["John Doe", "Jane Smith"],
25            }),
26            age: z
27              .int()
28              .min(16)
29              .max(120)
30              .meta({ description: "User age", examples: [25, 30] }),
31          })
32          .meta({ description: "User profile object" }),
33      })
34      .meta({ description: "User data object" }),
35    params: z
36      .object({
37        id: z.uuid().meta({
38          description: "User ID",
39          examples: ["123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"],
40        }),
41      })
42      .meta({
43        description: "Path parameters",
44      }),
45    query: z
46      .object({
47        notify: z
48          .enum(["email", "push", "none"])
49          .meta({ description: "Notification type" }),
50      })
51      .meta({
52        description: "Query parameters",
53      }),
54    output: z
55      .object({
56        success: z.boolean().meta({ description: "Success status" }),
57      })
58      .meta({ description: "Response object" }),
59    async handle(req, { id }) {
60      const body = await req.json();
61      const notify = req.nextUrl.searchParams.get("notify");
62
63      return UserService.updateUser(id, body, notify);
64    },
65  });
66}

1import { z } from "zod";
2import { prefix, post, operation } from "vovk";
3import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
4import UserService from "./UserService";
5
6@prefix("users")
7export default class UserController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Update user",
10    description: "Update user by ID",
11  })
12  @post("{id}")
13  static updateUser = withZod({
14    body: z
15      .object({
16        email: z.email().meta({
17          description: "User email",
18          examples: ["john@example.com", "jane@example.com"],
19        }),
20        profile: z
21          .object({
22            name: z.string().meta({
23              description: "User full name",
24              examples: ["John Doe", "Jane Smith"],
25            }),
26            age: z
27              .int()
28              .min(16)
29              .max(120)
30              .meta({ description: "User age", examples: [25, 30] }),
31          })
32          .meta({ description: "User profile object" }),
33      })
34      .meta({ description: "User data object" }),
35    params: z
36      .object({
37        id: z.uuid().meta({
38          description: "User ID",
39          examples: ["123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"],
40        }),
41      })
42      .meta({
43        description: "Path parameters",
44      }),
45    query: z
46      .object({
47        notify: z
48          .enum(["email", "push", "none"])
49          .meta({ description: "Notification type" }),
50      })
51      .meta({
52        description: "Query parameters",
53      }),
54    output: z
55      .object({
56        success: z.boolean().meta({ description: "Success status" }),
57      })
58      .meta({ description: "Response object" }),
59    async handle(req, { id }) {
60      const body = await req.json();
61      const notify = req.nextUrl.searchParams.get("notify");
62
63      return UserService.updateUser(id, body, notify);
64    },
65  });
66}

1import { z } from "zod";
2import { prefix, post, operation } from "vovk";
3import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
4import UserService from "./UserService";
5
6@prefix("users")
7export default class UserController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Update user",
10    description: "Update user by ID",
11  })
12  @post("{id}")
13  static updateUser = withZod({
14    body: z
15      .object({
16        email: z.email().meta({
17          description: "User email",
18          examples: ["john@example.com", "jane@example.com"],
19        }),
20        profile: z
21          .object({
22            name: z.string().meta({
23              description: "User full name",
24              examples: ["John Doe", "Jane Smith"],
25            }),
26            age: z
27              .int()
28              .min(16)
29              .max(120)
30              .meta({ description: "User age", examples: [25, 30] }),
31          })
32          .meta({ description: "User profile object" }),
33      })
34      .meta({ description: "User data object" }),
35    params: z
36      .object({
37        id: z.uuid().meta({
38          description: "User ID",
39          examples: ["123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"],
40        }),
41      })
42      .meta({
43        description: "Path parameters",
44      }),
45    query: z
46      .object({
47        notify: z
48          .enum(["email", "push", "none"])
49          .meta({ description: "Notification type" }),
50      })
51      .meta({
52        description: "Query parameters",
53      }),
54    output: z
55      .object({
56        success: z.boolean().meta({ description: "Success status" }),
57      })
58      .meta({ description: "Response object" }),
59    async handle(req, { id }) {
60      const body = await req.json();
61      const notify = req.nextUrl.searchParams.get("notify");
62
63      return UserService.updateUser(id, body, notify);
64    },
65  });
66}

1import { z } from "zod";
2import { prefix, post, operation } from "vovk";
3import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
4import UserService from "./UserService";
5
6@prefix("users")
7export default class UserController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Update user",
10    description: "Update user by ID",
11  })
12  @post("{id}")
13  static updateUser = withZod({
14    body: z
15      .object({
16        email: z.email().meta({
17          description: "User email",
18          examples: ["john@example.com", "jane@example.com"],
19        }),
20        profile: z
21          .object({
22            name: z.string().meta({
23              description: "User full name",
24              examples: ["John Doe", "Jane Smith"],
25            }),
26            age: z
27              .int()
28              .min(16)
29              .max(120)
30              .meta({ description: "User age", examples: [25, 30] }),
31          })
32          .meta({ description: "User profile object" }),
33      })
34      .meta({ description: "User data object" }),
35    params: z
36      .object({
37        id: z.uuid().meta({
38          description: "User ID",
39          examples: ["123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"],
40        }),
41      })
42      .meta({
43        description: "Path parameters",
44      }),
45    query: z
46      .object({
47        notify: z
48          .enum(["email", "push", "none"])
49          .meta({ description: "Notification type" }),
50      })
51      .meta({
52        description: "Query parameters",
53      }),
54    output: z
55      .object({
56        success: z.boolean().meta({ description: "Success status" }),
57      })
58      .meta({ description: "Response object" }),
59    async handle(req, { id }) {
60      const body = await req.json();
61      const notify = req.nextUrl.searchParams.get("notify");
62
63      return UserService.updateUser(id, body, notify);
64    },
65  });
66}

1import type { VovkBody, VovkOutput, VovkParams, VovkQuery } from "vovk";
2import type UserController from "./UserController";
3
4export default class UserService {
5  static updateUser = (
6    id: VovkParams<typeof UserController.updateUser>["id"],
7    body: VovkBody<typeof UserController.updateUser>,
8    notify: VovkQuery<typeof UserController.updateUser>["notify"],
9  ) => {
10    console.log(
11      id satisfies string,
12      body satisfies { email: string; profile: { name: string; age: number } },
13      notify satisfies "email" | "push" | "none",
14    );
15    return {
16      success: true,
17    } satisfies VovkOutput<typeof UserController.updateUser>;
18  };
19}

1import type { VovkBody, VovkOutput, VovkParams, VovkQuery } from "vovk";
2import type UserController from "./UserController";
3
4export default class UserService {
5  static updateUser = (
6    id: VovkParams<typeof UserController.updateUser>["id"],
7    body: VovkBody<typeof UserController.updateUser>,
8    notify: VovkQuery<typeof UserController.updateUser>["notify"],
9  ) => {
10    console.log(
11      id satisfies string,
12      body satisfies { email: string; profile: { name: string; age: number } },
13      notify satisfies "email" | "push" | "none",
14    );
15    return {
16      success: true,
17    } satisfies VovkOutput<typeof UserController.updateUser>;
18  };
19}

1import type { VovkBody, VovkOutput, VovkParams, VovkQuery } from "vovk";
2import type UserController from "./UserController";
3
4export default class UserService {
5  static updateUser = (
6    id: VovkParams<typeof UserController.updateUser>["id"],
7    body: VovkBody<typeof UserController.updateUser>,
8    notify: VovkQuery<typeof UserController.updateUser>["notify"],
9  ) => {
10    console.log(
11      id satisfies string,
12      body satisfies { email: string; profile: { name: string; age: number } },
13      notify satisfies "email" | "push" | "none",
14    );
15    return {
16      success: true,
17    } satisfies VovkOutput<typeof UserController.updateUser>;
18  };
19}

1import type { VovkBody, VovkOutput, VovkParams, VovkQuery } from "vovk";
2import type UserController from "./UserController";
3
4export default class UserService {
5  static updateUser = (
6    id: VovkParams<typeof UserController.updateUser>["id"],
7    body: VovkBody<typeof UserController.updateUser>,
8    notify: VovkQuery<typeof UserController.updateUser>["notify"],
9  ) => {
10    console.log(
11      id satisfies string,
12      body satisfies { email: string; profile: { name: string; age: number } },
13      notify satisfies "email" | "push" | "none",
14    );
15    return {
16      success: true,
17    } satisfies VovkOutput<typeof UserController.updateUser>;
18  };
19}

… will emit Vovk.ts Schema, that in its turn will be used to generate the Rust client, following the language conventions where possible, adding comments defined at schema description, and generating the most suitable types. For example, the age is generated as u8 (unsigned 8-bit integer) because of presence of min and max constraints.

./dist_rust/src/lib.rs


mod http_request;
mod read_full_schema;
 
pub use crate::http_request::HttpException;
 
 
pub mod user_rpc {
    #[allow(unused_imports)]
    use crate::http_request::{HttpException, http_request, http_request_stream};
    use std::collections::HashMap;
 
    // UserRPC.update_user POST `http://localhost:3000/api/users/{id}`
    pub mod update_user_ {
      use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
      /// User data object
      #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
      #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
      pub struct body {
        /// User email
        pub email: String,
        /// User profile object
        pub profile: body_::profile,
      }
 
      #[allow(non_snake_case)]
      pub mod body_ {
        use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
 
        /// User profile object
        #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
        #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
        pub struct profile {
          /// User full name
          pub name: String,
          /// User age
          pub age: u8,
        }
 
      }
      /// Query parameters
      #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
      #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
      pub struct query {
        /// Notification type
        pub notify: query_::notify,
      }
 
      #[allow(non_snake_case)]
      pub mod query_ {
        use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
 
        /// Notification type
        #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
        #[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
        pub enum notify {
          #[serde(rename = "email")]
          email,
          #[serde(rename = "push")]
          push,
          #[serde(rename = "none")]
          none,
        }
 
      }
      /// Path parameters
      #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
      #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
      pub struct params {
        /// User ID
        pub id: String,
      }
 
      /// Response object
      #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
      #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
      pub struct output {
        /// Success status
        pub success: bool,
      }
 
    }
 
    /// Summary: Update user
    /// Description: Update user by ID
    /// Params: Path parameters
    /// Body: User data object
    /// Query: Query parameters
    /// Returns: Response object
    pub fn update_user(
        body: update_user_::body,
        query: update_user_::query,
        params: update_user_::params,
        headers: Option<&HashMap<String, String>>,
        api_root: Option<&str>,
        disable_client_validation: bool,
    ) -> Result<update_user_::output, HttpException>{
        let result = http_request::<
            update_user_::output,
            update_user_::body,
            update_user_::query,
            update_user_::params
        >(
            "http://localhost:3000/api",
            "",
            "UserRPC",
            "updateUser",
            Some(&body),
            None,
            Some(&query),
            Some(&params),
            headers,
            api_root,
            disable_client_validation,
        );
 
        result
    }
 
}

All RPC modules are generated in the lib.rs file, that contains all the RPC methods as functions but also types that are used in the RPC methods. The nested data structures are generated as nested modules, containing corresponding struct definitions or other types.

The nested structures can be accessed with the _:: syntax. For example, in order to get the profile type from the update_user_ module, you can use update_user_::body_::profile syntax.

The structs can be imported and renamed with use statement to follow PascalCase naming convention:


use std::io::Write;
use vovk_hello_world::user_rpc;
 
pub fn main() {
  use user_rpc::update_user_::{
    body as Body, 
    body_::profile as Profile,
    query as Query,
    query_::notify as Notify,
    params as Params,
  };
 
  let update_user_response = user_rpc::update_user(
    Body {
      email: String::from("john@example.com"),
      profile: Profile {
        name: String::from("John Doe"),
        age: 25
      }
    },
    Query {
      notify: Notify::email
    },
    Params {
      id: String::from("123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000")
    },
    None, // Headers (hashmap)
    None, // API root
    false, // Disable client validation
  );
 
  match update_user_response {
    Ok(response) => println!("user_rpc.update_user: {:?}", response),
    Err(e) => println!("update_user error: {:?}", e),
  }
}

Behind the scenes it uses reqwest for HTTP requests, jsonschema for client-side validation and some other libraries.

JSONLines endpoints

To implement continious streaming with JSONLines endpoints, the client uses Iterator trait to return an async iterator that can be used to iterate over the streamed data.

A controller like this:

StreamController.ts

StreamService.ts

1import { prefix, get, operation } from "vovk";
2import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
3import { z } from "zod/v4";
4import StreamService from "./StreamService";
5
6@prefix("streams")
7export default class StreamController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Stream tokens",
10    description: "Stream tokens to the client",
11  })
12  @get("tokens")
13  static streamTokens = withZod({
14    iteration: z
15      .object({
16        message: z.string().meta({ description: "Message from the token" }),
17      })
18      .meta({
19        description: "Streamed token object",
20      }),
21    async *handle() {
22      yield* StreamService.streamTokens();
23    },
24  });
25}

1import { prefix, get, operation } from "vovk";
2import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
3import { z } from "zod/v4";
4import StreamService from "./StreamService";
5
6@prefix("streams")
7export default class StreamController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Stream tokens",
10    description: "Stream tokens to the client",
11  })
12  @get("tokens")
13  static streamTokens = withZod({
14    iteration: z
15      .object({
16        message: z.string().meta({ description: "Message from the token" }),
17      })
18      .meta({
19        description: "Streamed token object",
20      }),
21    async *handle() {
22      yield* StreamService.streamTokens();
23    },
24  });
25}

1import { prefix, get, operation } from "vovk";
2import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
3import { z } from "zod/v4";
4import StreamService from "./StreamService";
5
6@prefix("streams")
7export default class StreamController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Stream tokens",
10    description: "Stream tokens to the client",
11  })
12  @get("tokens")
13  static streamTokens = withZod({
14    iteration: z
15      .object({
16        message: z.string().meta({ description: "Message from the token" }),
17      })
18      .meta({
19        description: "Streamed token object",
20      }),
21    async *handle() {
22      yield* StreamService.streamTokens();
23    },
24  });
25}

1import { prefix, get, operation } from "vovk";
2import { withZod } from "vovk-zod";
3import { z } from "zod/v4";
4import StreamService from "./StreamService";
5
6@prefix("streams")
7export default class StreamController {
8  @operation({
9    summary: "Stream tokens",
10    description: "Stream tokens to the client",
11  })
12  @get("tokens")
13  static streamTokens = withZod({
14    iteration: z
15      .object({
16        message: z.string().meta({ description: "Message from the token" }),
17      })
18      .meta({
19        description: "Streamed token object",
20      }),
21    async *handle() {
22      yield* StreamService.streamTokens();
23    },
24  });
25}

1import { VovkIteration } from "vovk";
2import type StreamController from "./StreamController";
3
4export default class StreamService {
5  static async *streamTokens() {
6    const tokens: VovkIteration<typeof StreamController.streamTokens>[] =
7      "Vovk.ts is a RESTful back-end meta-framework with RPC built on top of Next.js App router, and this text is a JSONLines stream demo."
8        .match(/[^\s.-]+|\s+|\.|-/g)
9        ?.map((message) => ({ message })) || [];
10
11    for (const token of tokens) {
12      yield token;
13      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
14    }
15  }
16}

1import { VovkIteration } from "vovk";
2import type StreamController from "./StreamController";
3
4export default class StreamService {
5  static async *streamTokens() {
6    const tokens: VovkIteration<typeof StreamController.streamTokens>[] =
7      "Vovk.ts is a RESTful back-end meta-framework with RPC built on top of Next.js App router, and this text is a JSONLines stream demo."
8        .match(/[^\s.-]+|\s+|\.|-/g)
9        ?.map((message) => ({ message })) || [];
10
11    for (const token of tokens) {
12      yield token;
13      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
14    }
15  }
16}

1import { VovkIteration } from "vovk";
2import type StreamController from "./StreamController";
3
4export default class StreamService {
5  static async *streamTokens() {
6    const tokens: VovkIteration<typeof StreamController.streamTokens>[] =
7      "Vovk.ts is a RESTful back-end meta-framework with RPC built on top of Next.js App router, and this text is a JSONLines stream demo."
8        .match(/[^\s.-]+|\s+|\.|-/g)
9        ?.map((message) => ({ message })) || [];
10
11    for (const token of tokens) {
12      yield token;
13      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
14    }
15  }
16}

1import { VovkIteration } from "vovk";
2import type StreamController from "./StreamController";
3
4export default class StreamService {
5  static async *streamTokens() {
6    const tokens: VovkIteration<typeof StreamController.streamTokens>[] =
7      "Vovk.ts is a RESTful back-end meta-framework with RPC built on top of Next.js App router, and this text is a JSONLines stream demo."
8        .match(/[^\s.-]+|\s+|\.|-/g)
9        ?.map((message) => ({ message })) || [];
10
11    for (const token of tokens) {
12      yield token;
13      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
14    }
15  }
16}

Will be compiled to the following Rust code:

./dist_rust/src/lib.rs


pub mod stream_rpc {
    #[allow(unused_imports)]
    use crate::http_request::{HttpException, http_request, http_request_stream};
    use std::collections::HashMap;
 
    // StreamRPC.stream_tokens GET `http://localhost:3000/api/streams/tokens`
    pub mod stream_tokens_ {
      use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
      /// Streamed token object
      #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
      #[allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
      pub struct iteration {
        /// Message from the token
        pub message: String,
      }
 
    }
 
    /// Summary: Stream tokens
    /// Description: Stream tokens to the client
    pub fn stream_tokens(
        body: (),
        query: (),
        params: (),
        headers: Option<&HashMap<String, String>>,
        api_root: Option<&str>,
        disable_client_validation: bool,
    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Iterator<Item = stream_tokens_::iteration>>, HttpException>{
        let result = http_request_stream::<
            stream_tokens_::iteration,
            (),
            (),
            ()
        >(
            "http://localhost:3000/api",
            "",
            "StreamRPC",
            "streamTokens",
            Some(&body),
            None,
            Some(&query),
            Some(&params),
            headers,
            api_root,
            disable_client_validation,
        );
 
        result
    }
 
}

That can be used like this:


use std::io::Write;
use vovk_hello_world_local::open_api_rpc::stream_rpc;
pub fn main() {
  let stream_response = stream_rpc::stream_tokens(
      (), // () as no body nor query or params are expected
      (),
      (),
      None,
      None,
      false,
  );
 
  match stream_response {
    Ok(stream) => {
      print!("streamTokens:\n");
      for (_i, item) in stream.enumerate() {
        print!("{}", item.message.as_str());
        std::io::stdout().flush().unwrap();
      }
      println!();
    },
    Err(e) => println!("Error initiating stream: {:?}", e),
  }
}